Ukuxilongwa kwe-Ultrasonic
I-Medical ultrasonic diagnostic instrument iyithuluzi lezokwelapha elihlanganisa isimiso se-sonar kanye nobuchwepheshe be-radar ukuze busetshenziswe emtholampilo.Isimiso esiyisisekelo siwukuthi i-high frequency ultrasonic pulse wave iphumela emvelweni, futhi amagagasi ahlukene abonakala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene eziphilayo ukuze enze izithombe.Ukuze unqume ukuthi zikhona yini izilonda emzimbeni.Ithuluzi lokuxilonga i-ultrasonic lithuthukiswe lisuka kusibonisi sokuqala sokuskena se-ultrasonic esinezinhlangothi ezimbili kuya kokuskena kwe-ultrasonic enezinhlangothi ezimbili ezinezinhlangothi ezine kanye nesibonisi, okwandisa kakhulu ulwazi lwe-echo futhi kwenza izilonda emzimbeni webhayoloji zicace futhi kube lula ukuzenza. hlukanisa.Ngakho-ke, izosetshenziswa kabanzi futhi kabanzi kuthuluzi lokuxilonga le-ultrasonic yezokwelapha.
1. Ukuskena kwe-ultrasonic enohlangothi olulodwa nesibonisi
Emishinini yokuxilonga ye-ultrasonic, abantu bavame ukubhekisela ohlotsheni A no-M, olutholwa ubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa ibanga le-ultrasonic pulse-echo, njengokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic ye-one-dimensional.Ukuqondiswa kwalolu hlobo lokukhishwa kwe-ultrasonic akushintshile, futhi ubukhulu noma isikali esimpunga sesiginali ekhonjiswe emuva kusuka kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-impedance esingesona ngesikhathi esisodwa sihlukile.Ngemva kokukhulisa, ivezwa ngokuvundlile noma mpo esikrinini.Lolu hlobo lwesithombe lubizwa nge-one-dimensional ultrasonic image.
(1) Thayipha i-ultrasound scan
Iphenyi (i-transducer) ngokuya ngokuma kwe-probe, ngendlela egxilile eya emzimbeni womuntu ukuze ikhiphe amagagasi e-ultrasonic ama-megahertz ambalwa, ngomzimba womuntu wokubonakala kwe-echo nokukhulisa, kanye ne-echo amplitude nokuma esibukweni.Ukuxhumanisa okuqondile kwesibonisi kubonisa i-amplitude waveform ye-reflection echo;Kukhona isikhathi nesikali sebanga ku-abscissa.Lokhu kungase kusekelwe endaweni ye-echo, i-echo amplitude, ukuma, inombolo yegagasi nolwazi oluhlobene oluvela esilonda kanye nendawo ye-anatomical yesihloko ukuze kuhlolwe.A – thayipha i-ultrasonic probe in A fixed position ingathola i-spectrum.
(2) Isithwebuli se-ultrasound sohlobo lwe-M
I-probe (i-transducer) idlulisa futhi ithole i-ultrasonic beam emzimbeni isendaweni engashintshi futhi iqonde.I-beam ilungisa ukukhanya komugqa wokuskena ome mpo wesibonisi ngokudlula kumasignali e-echo wokushona okuhlukene, futhi iyinwebe ngokulandelana kwesikhathi, yenze umdwebo we-trajectory wokunyakaza kwephoyinti ngalinye endaweni enohlangothi olulodwa ngesikhathi.Lena i-M-mode ultrasound.Ingase futhi iqondwe njengokuthi: I-M-mode ultrasound iyishadi lethrekhi elinohlangothi olulodwa lwezinguquko zesikhathi ezindaweni ezihlukene zokujula ngasendleleni efanayo.Isistimu ye-M - scan ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukuhlolwa kwezitho zomzimba.Isibonelo, ekuhlolweni kwenhliziyo, amapharamitha ahlukahlukene okusebenza kwenhliziyo angalinganiswa ku-trajectory yegrafu ebonisiwe, ngakho-ke i-m-mode ultrasound.Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-echocardiography.
2. Ukuskena kwe-ultrasonic kwezinhlangothi ezimbili kanye nesibonisi
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuskena okunohlangothi olulodwa kungahlonza kuphela izitho zomuntu ngokuya ngobukhulu begagasi lokubuya kwe-ultrasonic kanye nokuminyana kwe-echo kugrafu, i-one-dimensional ultrasound (a-type ultrasound) ilinganiselwe kakhulu ekuxilongweni kwezokwelapha nge-ultrasonic.Umgomo wokuthwebula izithombe ze-ultrasonic ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili ukusebenzisa i-ultrasonic pulse echo, ukulungiswa kokukhanya kwesibonisi esinezinhlangothi ezimbili esimpunga, kukhombisa ngokusobala ulwazi lwengxenye yomzimba womuntu.Isistimu yokuskena enezinhlangothi ezimbili yenza i-transducer eya emzimbeni womuntu ngendlela engaguquki ngaphakathi kwe-probe yethule i-MHZ ultrasound eminingana, futhi ngesivinini esithile endaweni enezinhlangothi ezimbili, okungukuthi okuskenwayo ukuze kutholakale indawo enezinhlangothi ezimbili, bese ithunyelwa ngemva komuntu. umzimba ukuze ukhulise ukucutshungulwa kwesignali ye-echo ukuze ubonise i-cathode noma ukulawula kugridi, ukuboniswa kokukhanya kwamabala okukhanya kuyashintsha ngosayizi wesignali ye-echo, kwakheka isithombe se-tomography esinezinhlangothi ezimbili.Uma kuboniswa esikrinini, i-odine imelela isikhathi noma ukujula kwegagasi lomsindo emzimbeni, kuyilapho ukukhanya kushintshwa yi-amplitude ye-echo ye-ultrasonic endaweni ehambisanayo yesikhala, futhi i-abscissa imelela isiqondiso se-beam yomsindo ethwebula umzimba womuntu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-28-2022