Zifuywa kanjani izinkomo ngokwesayensi ezindaweni zasemakhaya?Isayensi nobuchwepheshe khulisa izinkomo ezinhle
Ukufuywa kwezinkomo emaphandleni, ukufuya izinkomo emaphandleni, lezi zinkinga bezilokhu zikhona embonini yokuzalanisa yasemakhaya.Kubalulekile ukuthi abalimi bazi kahle izindlela zokufuya izinkomo emaphandleni. Okulandelayo kuzokwethula indlela yokufuya izinkomo ngokwesayensi? ubuchwepheshe bokufuywa kwezinkomo zesayensi
Ehlelweni lokufuywa kwezinkomo emaphandleni, ikakhulukazi ohlelweni lokuphakelwa, ukusengwa kanye nemidlalo nsuku zonke, kufanele sinake isimo sezinkomo senze izinto eziyishumi: indlela yokufuya izinkomo emaphandleni?
Ukubheka isimo sengqondo: umoya wezinkomo onempilo uyaphila, uyazwela endaweni ezungezile;
Okwesibili, izinwele nesikhumba: izinwele zezinkomo ezinempilo zihlanzekile futhi zicwebezela, akulula ukuwa, umbala wesikhumba ujwayelekile;
Ukubukeka okuthathu kokuma kokuhamba: ukuhamba kwezinkomo ezinempilo kuzinzile, ukunyakaza okukhululekile.Uma ugula, ukuhamba okungavamile njengokunyakaza okungahlangani;
Ukunyakaza kokuphefumula: imvamisa yokuphefumula yezinkomo ezinempilo izikhathi ezingu-15-30 ngomzuzu, ethula isifuba esizinzile nokuphefumula kwesisu;
I-Conjunctiva yamehlo amahlanu: i-conjunctiva yamehlo ezinkomo anempilo inombala opinki okhanyayo.
Okuyisithupha ukubona isibuko samakhala kanye nekhala: ikhala lenkomo enempilo liba ubuhlalu libe ubuhlalu, libonisa ukuthi lomile futhi alimanzi;
Ziyisikhombisa zibheka indle: indle yezinkomo evamile inomumo othile nobulukhuni, igoqekile futhi ayimanzi;
Umbala womlomo owu-8 kanye nokunameka kolimi: umbala womlomo wezinkomo onempilo ubomvu ngokukhanyayo, akukho ukunamathela kolimi;
I-Nine bheka ukudla: isifiso sokudla asifiseleki, kuhle uma kubi ukubona okuningi esithweni sokugaya ukudla okungamahlalakhona.Ukulahlekelwa ukudla kuvamile ezifweni ezihlukahlukene ezinzima.Isifiso sokudla asivamile bheka ngaphakathi emzimbeni ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, amaminerali kanye nama-microelement.Izinkomo ngokuvamile ziphuza izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngosuku, futhi ukuphuza kakhulu noma ngaphansi akuyona into evamile.
Ukubhekwa okuyishumi kokuhuquza nokubhodla: Izinkomo ezinempilo ziqala ukuhuquza cishe ihora elilodwa ngemva kokuncela, futhi ukuhluma ngakunye kuthatha cishe ihora elilodwa.I-pellet ngayinye ihlafunwa izikhathi ezingu-40-80, izikhathi ezingu-4-8 ngosuku nobusuku.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ezinye izindawo endalini yasentabeni ewugwadule, indawo yotshani iphawulwa njengendali yezintaba ewugwadule ngemva kokugawulwa kwamahlathi, okuphumela ekubeni indawo yotshani nemfuyo yezilwane inciphise kakhulu, kube nzima ukufuya amadlelo ezinkomo, inani lezinkomo ezingavamile eziphuma emakethe. lenyuka, inani lemfuyo lehla kakhulu, kuvimbela kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kokukhiqizwa kwezinkomo zenyama. Iminyango ethintekayo kuwo wonke amazinga kufanele isiqakathekise lesi simo, futhi isebenzise ngobuqotho uMthetho weGrassland, ivikele futhi isebenzise kahle indawo yotshani, futhi ihlinzekele imvelo ukuze kuthuthukiswe imboni yokukhulisa izinkomo.Indawo eyiphutha yobuchwepheshe bokukhulisa izinkomo zasemakhaya
Okwesibili, ukuqwashisa ngempahla akuqinile abanye abalimi bezinkomo abazange bathathe izinkomo njengephrojekthi ebalulekile ukuze bacebe, kodwa njengengxenye, umqondo wokuthengisa uvame kakhulu, emnyango wokuthenga abathengi abanqeni ukuthengisa ungathengisi. , usuku lonke libuza inani, lahla amakhasimende emnyango.Ngakho-ke, abalimi kufanele bafundiswe ukuthuthukisa ukuqwashisa ngokukhiqizwa kwempahla, inqobo nje uma intengo inengqondo, lapho kufanele idayiswe.
Ikhono elibuthakathaka lokumelana nokuguquguquka kwemakethe lapho amanani entengo emakethe eshintshashintsha, abalimi bezinkomo babonisa isimo sengqondo esingaqinile. Lapho intengo yezinkomo ikhuphuka, okulingana nayo kuyathengiswa, intengo yezinkomo ibiza kakhulu, ingathengiswa kakhulu; uma inani lezinkomo. iyawa, ngesaba ukuthi izowa futhi.Lapho intengo iphansi, kulapho ngidayisa khona izinkomo kakhulu.Ngenxa yokuthi ukuthenga okubizayo kuthengisa okushibhile, ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho kwenkomo ngayinye kungaphansi kwamakhulu ama-yuan, ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane zama-yuan.Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo yezinkomo nakho kuthinta ngokuqondile umdlandla wokuthuthukiswa kwezinkomo zenyama. Izinkomo ezibizayo, zizimisele ngokwengeziwe ukuthuthukisa;Izinkomo azilutho futhi azifuni ukwenziwa ngcono.Ekubhekaneni nezinguquko ezimakethe, abalimi bezinkomo kufanele balondoloze isimo sengqondo esihle, bathuthukise ikhono lokumelana nokushintsha kwezimakethe, lapho ukushintshashintsha kwemakethe, ngesikhathi esifanele. lungisa isu lokumaketha, unciphise ubungozi bufike ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu.
Indawo enezintaba ezisempumalanga yesifundazwe saseLiaoning ithanda kakhulu izinkomo zomzali wokuqala we-shalolais ezethulwe eminyakeni edlule, kodwa ezingafuni ukwamukela ezinye izinhlobo, ikakhulukazi izimbali ezimhlophe ezisekhanda lezinkomo zaseSimendar zibhekwa njenge "filial head", okuyinto eneshwa, ngakho-ke kunzima ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkomo ze-siendar.Ngenxa yeminyaka eminingi yokusebenzisa i-Charo ukwenza i-progressive hybridization, izinhlobonhlobo ziyedwa, inzuzo ye-hybridization iyancipha.Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukushintsha umkhuba wokwamukela i-progressive hybridization system iminyaka eminingi, siqinise ukukhangisa, futhi ngentshiseko yethule i-limousin, i-Simendar nezinye izinhlobo ze-hybridisation yezindlela ezintathu, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokuqhubekayo umphumela wokuthuthukisa kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho.
Okwesithupha, ukunganaki ukushoda kokudla okungeziwe kwethole ngemva kokuzalwa, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuzalwa ebusika bokuqala nesesibili kanye nesikhathi sokudla kwasentwasahlobo kuyaqabukela ungezelele noma ungangezeleli, umphumela wezinkomo ezithuthukisiwe "uzala imbali, ukhule ukhule njengowakhe. Umama", ukukhula nokuthuthuka kuvinjwe kakhulu, isikhathi sokubiyela ikakhulukazi sineminyaka engu-3 ~ 5 ubudala noma kamuva, inzuzo yezomnotho ayikho phezulu. Ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokufuywa kwezinkomo, kuyadingeka ukuqala ekuzaleni ithole, ikakhulukazi ukwenza kahle esikhathini sokuqala nesesibili sokudla kwasebusika nasentwasahlobo, ukuze isisindo samathole sifinyelele ku-300 kg noma ngaphezulu lapho enezinyanga eziyi-18 ~ 24 ubudala, noma ngaphezulu kwama-500 kg ngemuva kokukhuluphaliswa kakhulu kwesikhathi esifushane.Abanye abafuyi bezinkomo abanalo ulwazi lwesayensi. ukuze kube lula futhi ukonga, futhi kusetshenziswe izinkunzi eziyingxube ukuzalanisa, okungalimazi nje kuphela izithakazelo zabafuyi bezinkomo, kodwa futhi kuphazamise ukugqugquzelwa kobuchwepheshe obusha bokuzalanisa isidoda esiqandisiwe.Nakuba inkunzi eyingxube inamandla amakhulu, ufuzo lwayo. ayizinzile futhi kulula ukubangela ukuzalanisa, ukuwohloka kwenzalo kanye nenzuzo ephansi yezomnotho.Ukuze kwenziwe ngcono umphumela wokuthuthuka, iqiniso lesayensi lokuthi izinkunzi eziyingxube azikwazi ukufuywa kufanele lisatshalaliswe kabanzi, futhi abafuyi bezinkomo kufanele bafundiswe ukuthi bangazaleli ingxubevange. izinkunzi.Ngaso leso sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqhutshwe iMithethonqubo Yokulawulwa Kokuzalanisa Imfuyo Nezinkukhu futhi kuvalwe ukuzalaniswa kwezinkunzi eziyingxube ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthukiswa okuhlelekile kwezinkomo zenyama.
7. Ngesikhathi sokuphakelwa esibayeni ngaphandle kokwelashwa ngotshani, abafuyi bezinkomo babesebenzisa yonke inyanda yotshani bommbila ukondla izinkomo, kanti izinga lokuwusebenzisa lalicishe libe ngama-30%. indawo yotshani obusha yokuthandwa kobuchwepheshe incane, inani lincane.Ukwelashwa ngotshani kungathuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa, ukudla okudliwayo kanye nomphumela wokukhuluphalisa.Ngemva kokukhishwa, okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni angcolile otshani notshani lukakolweni kungandiswa izikhathi ezingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili, okungeke nje kuphela. ukunciphisa izindleko zokudla, kodwa futhi kuthuthukise inzuzo yezomnotho yokufuywa kwezinkomo.Ngakho-ke, ukuze kwandiswe ukuthandwa kwesisele sotshani, ukugcinwa kwe-semi-dry storage kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwelapha utshani be-ammoniation, ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezinkomo zotshani.
Eyisishiyagalombili, imithi exosha izinkomo hhayi izinambuzane ngokuvamile ayinakwa, futhi ngisho nabanye abafuyi bezinkomo abazibandakanyi emithi exosha izinambuzane. Ngesikhathi sokuklama, izinkomo zivame ukungenwa amagciwane amaningi, njengama-nematodes, utwayi, imikhaza kanye nezimpethu, ezinganciphisa izinambuzane. inzuzo yansuku zonke ngama-35% kanye nezinga lokuguqulwa kwesiphakeli ngo-30%.Izimpethu zempukane zenkomo ezingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kwenani lesikhumba, futhi izilokazane ezinamandla zingabangela ukufa.Okubonakalayo, okuxosha izinambuzane kuyisixhumanisi esibalulekile esikhulisa ukubaluleka kwezinkomo.Abalimi bangakwazi ukukhulisa izinkomo imashi yasentwasahlobo ~ May and autumn September ~ October for two deinsectization, izinkomo ezikhuluphalisayo ekuqaleni kokukhuluphaliswa kuya ekukhishweni kwezinambuzane.Isinqumo esihle kakhulu somuthi we-anthelmintic i-insect nematode, engaxosha ama-nematode emfuyweni nasezinkukhuni kanye nezilwanyane ezinjengezintwala. , izimbuzane, umkhaza kanye nezimpethu ze-fly in vitro.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-02-2021